List of Articles by MeSH

ATHLETIC INJURIES

1. Badel T, Jerolimov V, Pandurić J, Perenčević K. Role and Fabrication Method of Custom-made Mouthguards for the Prevention of Athletic Injuries. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2004;38(2):197-207.
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   Title in English:	Role and Fabrication Method of Custom-made Mouthguards for the Prevention of Athletic Injuries
   Title in Croatian:	Uloga i način izradbe individualnog štitnika za zube u prevenciji športskih ozljeda
   Type of Article:	professional paper
   MeSH:	TOOTH INJURIES ATHLETIC INJURIES SPORTS MEDICINE
   Abstract:	Orofacial injuries are athletic injuries which are specific according to place and way of occurence. Sports dentistry is a dental discipline associated with the prevention and treatment of the consequences of orofacial injuries during sport activities. Orofacial, and particularly dental athletic injuries, differentiate according to way of occurence from other dental injuries and can be easily prevented. By using an adequate mouthguard a number of dental and periodontal injuries can be considerably reduced. There are different intraoral mouthguards: stock, mouth-formed and custom-made mouthguards. Even though with the stock and mouthformed mouthguards a visit to the dentist is avoided, only custom-made mouthguards offer maximum prevention from orofacial injuries. By its construction and technological features it is the most comfortable for athletes during training and competition. Preconditions for wearing mouthguards are good oral prophylaxis and restoration of all teeth (without caries and periodontopathy). The motherguard is commonly fabricated on the upper dental arch. Mouthguards are manufactured from materials that should satisfy numerous physical, mechanical, biological and functional requirement. Fabrication method of a mouthguard by means of vacuum lamination is presented. The role of the mouthguard is to prevent laceration of the tongue, lips and cheeks by the sharp edges of anterior maxillary teeth, to reduce the risk of injuries to the anterior teeth, to reduce the risk of mandibular or maxillary fractures as well as damage to the posterior teeth and temporomandibular joints, after blows to the interior aspect of the mandible. Athletes should be informed of the possibilities of prevention of their oral health as well as of the existence of slight difficulties which are inevitable during wear of a mouthguard.

2. Badel T, Jerolimov V, Pandurić J, Perenčević K. Individual Mouthguard in Prevention of Sports Trauma. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2003;37(3):305.
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   Title in English:	Individual Mouthguard in Prevention of Sports Trauma
   Title in Croatian:	Individualni štitnik u prevenciji športskih ozljeda
   Type of Article:	congress abstract
   MeSH:	TOOTH INJURIES ATHLETIC INJURIES SPORTS MEDICINE
   Abstract:	Trauma of teeth and soft tissues of the orofacial system are today one of the major health problems. According to the aetiology of dental trauma a separate group are sports traumas which are characteristic for many sports. The protective role of the mouthguard in the preventionof laceration of tongue, lips and cheeks caused by sharp incisal edges, in most cases of anterior superior teeth, decreases possibility of mandibular and maxillary fracture as well as injuries to posterior teeth and temporomandibular joints as a result of a blow in the lower mandibular margin. The fabrication procedure of individual sports mouthguard by modelling technique on plaster casts by vaccuum forming (Erkoform®, Erkodent) is presented. Individual mouthguard is most frequently fabricated on superior dental arch, and the preconditions for wearing the mouthguard are good oral prophylaxis and completely cured teeth. Clinical and laboratory procedures of fabrication comprise the following working phases: preliminary impression of maxilla and mandibule in alginate, transfer of upper dental arch in articulator and centric record, laboratory fabrication, finishing and polishing, delivery to patient, grinding and subsequent care. Individual mouthguard offers most in the prophylaxis of orofacial traumas, and with its construction and tecnological characteristics is the most pleasant for athletes during training and competition.

3. Dilberović N, Seifert D, Jerolimov V. Injures to the Stomatognathic System in Tae-Kwon-Do. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2002;36(3):353-4.
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   Title in English:	Injures to the Stomatognathic System in Tae-Kwon-Do
   Title in Croatian:	nema
   Type of Article:	congress abstract
   MeSH:	TOOTH INJURIES ATHLETIC INJURIES SPORTS MEDICINE STOMATOGNATHIC SYSTEM + injuries MARTIAL ARTS
   Abstract:	Martial arts are high-risk sports for injuries to the stomatognathic system, according to the FDI classification. The aim of this investigation was to determine frequency, type and severity of injuries to the stomatognathic system, during Tae-Kwon-Do, and the use of protection devices during training and competitions. This investigation included 43 examinees, 15 female and 28 male, among which were members of the national representatives of the Republic of Croatia. They were required to complete a questionnaire. The result revealed a very low number of injuries, in fact, lack of injuries in the female and male junior categories. In the male junior and bothsenior categories 134 injuries were reported, 118 or 88% of them were laceration of the lips, cheeks and tongue. Other injuries to the stomatognathic system represent only 16 injuries or 12% of all injuries. The majority of injuries occurred during training (68%), and 32% during competition. Protection devices (helmets) were used during training only by 5 examinees (11.63%), and during competition(100%). Mouthguards of any type were not used by any examinee. Helmets used are obligatory during competition and prevent the occurrence of injuries to the stomatognathic system, and decrease the severity of injury.

4. Jagger RG. Effectiveness of Sports Mouthguards. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2002;36(3):313.
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   Title in English:	Effectiveness of Sports Mouthguards
   Title in Croatian:	nema
   Type of Article:	congress abstract
   MeSH:	TOOTH INJURIES ATHLETIC INJURIES SPORTS MEDICINE
   Abstract:	Participants in a wide variety of sports commonly experience orofacial injuries. Dentists have a responsibility for both the treatment and prevention of these injuries. Equipment for the protection of the face and mouth includes facemasks and mouthguards.There are three broad categories of mouthguards:• Type 1 (Stock) mouthguards are purchased over the counter at sports shops;• Type 2 (Mouth-formed) mouthguards are purchased in the same way but are modified in the mouth to improve fit;• Type 3 (Custom-made) mouthguards are made in the laboratory on casts made from impressions of the mouth.Evidence suggests that mouthguards can help prevent damage to soft tissues and teeth and possibly prevent concussion. Custom-made mouthguards are the most retentive and are best tolerated. Incidents have been recorded when ill-fitting mouthguards have been dislodged and blocked the airway. Many claims have been made regarding the relative effectiveness of different types of mouthguards. The evidence for the relative effectiveness of different mouthguard materials and designs will be described. The available data from in-vitro and in-vivo investigations must be interpreted with caution There is a need for further scientific research to developoptimum protection for participants in sports.

5. Ranalli DN. Clinical and Laboratory Techniques for the Custom-Fabrication of Athletic Mouthguards. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2002;36(3):313.
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   Title in English:	Clinical and Laboratory Techniques for the Custom-Fabrication of Athletic Mouthguards
   Title in Croatian:	nema
   Type of Article:	congress abstract
   MeSH:	TOOTH INJURIES ATHLETIC INJURIES SPORTS MEDICINE
   Abstract:	The efficacy of mouthguards for preventing sportsrelated traumatic oral injuries is well documented in those sports that mandate their use. There are three general categories of athletic mouthguards that currently are available. These include stock, mouth-formed and custom fabricated mouthguards made over a dental cast. Most mouthguards in each of these categories are made from ethylenevinyl acetate (EVA) material. Fabrication and design require professional services for impression taking and laboratory processing. Custom-fabricated mouthguards are, therefore, the most retentive. This presentation is designed to describe, in detail, clinical and laboratory procedures that are used to fabricate custom athletic mouthguards and will include the vacuum-forming technique and the heatpressure-lamination technique. Information on a new vacuum-pressure-lamination technique will be described as well as an experimental technique that utilizes photopolymerized urethane diacrylate. Several research topics for future investigation will be identified.

6. Škrinjarić I, Modrčin I. Prevencija dentalnih ozljeda u športu [in Croatian]. Acta Stomatol Croat. 1998;32(Suppl):193-4.
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   Title in English:	nema
   Title in Croatian:	Prevencija dentalnih ozljeda u športu
   Type of Article:	congress abstract
   MeSH:	TOOTH INJURIES ATHLETIC INJURIES SPORTS MEDICINE
   Abstract:	(not available)