List of Articles by Author

1. Živko-Babić J, Jakovac M, Carek A, Lovrić Ž. Implantoprosthetic Therapy of a Missing Front Tooth. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2009;43(3):234-41.
    [details]
    [close]
   Full Text

   Title in English:	Implantoprosthetic Therapy of a Missing Front Tooth
   Title in Croatian:	Implantantno-protetička terapija manjka prednjeg zuba
   Type of Article:	professional paper
   MeSH:	DENTAL IMPLANTATION, ENDOSSEOUS DENTAL IMPLANTS, SINGLE-TOOTH JAW, EDENTULOUS, PARTIALLY
   Abstract:	In the recent decade, implant-prosthetic therapy in partially edentulous patients is more and more suggested therapy. Implant placement in front region is very demanding and technically sensitive. Growing patients’ demands for natural look of prosthetic appliances in visible region of oral cavity forces clinicians for education, knowledge and capabilities. The aim of the study is clinical evaluation of prosthetic-implant therapy in patients with missing front tooth at the Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine Zagreb. Total of 23 patients had implant therapy during the last decade. The reasons for tooth loss were: caries and fracture of endodontic treated tooth, trauma, anodontia and periodontal disease. Upper medial incisor was replaced in most cases, than upper lateral incisor, upper canine and lower medial incisor. The implants are approximately 5 years in function. No implant failure was reported. Functional durability and esthetic of prosthetic/implant therapy depends on biomechanical factors and lack of infection. Cooperation of patients in this study for regular check-ups was minimal but nevertheless success of therapy was satisfactory.

2. Živko-Babić J, Kobler P, Jakovac M. Implantoprosthetic Treatment of a Missing Frontal Tooth. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2008;42(1):105-6.
    [details]
    [close]
   Full Text

   Title in English:	Implantoprosthetic Treatment of a Missing Frontal Tooth
   Title in Croatian:	Implantoprotetička terapija kod manjka prednjeg zuba
   Type of Article:	congress abstract
   MeSH:	DENTAL IMPLANTATION, ENDOSSEOUS DENTAL IMPLANTS, SINGLE-TOOTH INCISOR ESTHETICS, DENTAL
   Abstract:	Replacing a missing frontal tooth is a common case in prosthetic treatment of younger and older adolescents. Most frequent reasons are anodontia, trauma, great carious lesions, endodontic treatment and periodontal disease. When one frontal tooth is missing, Implantoprosthetic treatment is the treatment of choice in many situations, but some surgical, prosthetic and medical conditions should be fulfilled. Most important dental parameters are sufficient bone height and width, satisfactory distance to the neighboring teeth and favorable occlusal relationships. Since it is the visible part of the dentition, esthetics is the primary objective so a compromise between hygiene therapy is good cooperation between the surgeon and the prosthodontist, sometimes even orthodontist. The role of the dental technician is of great importance in providing optimal laboratory work, as well as the role of a periodontologist in preventing periimplantitis. This presentation shows a number of clinical cases of implantoprosthetic treatment of a missing frontal tooth.

3. Carek A, Živko-Babić J, Schauperl Z, Jakovac M. Macroscopic Analysis of Co-Cr Base Alloys Joints. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2007;41(3):216-24.
    [details]
    [close]
   Full Text

   Title in English:	Macroscopic Analysis of Co-Cr Base Alloys Joints
   Title in Croatian:	Makroskopska analiza spoja odljevaka Co-Cr legura
   Type of Article:	original scientific paper
   MeSH:	DENTAL ALLOYS CHROMIUM ALLOYS DENTAL SOLDERING
   Abstract:	Cobalt-chromium alloys are used as standard restorative material in prosthodontics. Some errors in laboratory procedure or breaks of metallic parts during functional period must be repaired. The purpose of this study was to compare joint quality, obtained by different thermal techniques on Co-Cr as cast alloy. Three samples (32x 10 x 1,5 mm) of each alloy were cut and joined by soldering, laser and Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding. All samples were I-shaped. The connested surfaces were analysed by microscope, under 50 - 200 X magnification. From the macroscopic view, soldering of all specimens was successful. On the welded samples, either by laser or by TIG welding, overlapping of welding spots was insufficient, cracks and porosity were present. There is a need for proper handling and optimization of all parameters (impulse duration, voltage and power) for each applied method and for analysed alloys. It could be concluded that macroscopic analysis of the quality of joint, done by technician, is one of the aspects to predict the functional durability of prosthetic construction.

4. Živko-Babić J, Kalenić S, Gašparac I, Jakovac M. Subgingival Microflora in Patients with Implant-Supported Restorations: Preliminary Report. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2006;40(3):287-94.
    [details]
    [close]
   Full Text

   Title in English:	Subgingival Microflora in Patients with Implant-Supported Restorations: Preliminary Report
   Title in Croatian:	Nalaz subgingivne mikroflore kod pacijenata s implantoprotetičkim radovima: Preliminarno izvješće
   Type of Article:	professional paper
   MeSH:	DENTAL IMPLANTS DENTAL PLAQUE ACTINOBACILLUS ACTINOMYCETEMCOMITANS
   Abstract:	The composition of oral cavity fl ora is very complex. The purpose of this study was to analyze the clinical periodontal parameters and the composition of the subgingival microfl ora in patients with implant-supported restorations. 28 randomly selected patients were included in the study, mean age 46.7; they had no medical record of periodontal diseases and were not periodontally controlled since the placement of the implants. Mean plaque index was 1.04 ± 0.84, probing depth 2.59 ± 1.13 and gingival bleeding index 1.50 ± 0.84. By method of paper-point sampling of subgingival microfl ora, Actinobacillus actinomycet emcomitans, and four other conditionally pathogenic anaerobic bacteria - Fusobacterium nucleatum, Prevotella intermedia, Prevotella oralis and Campylobacter rectus in 57% patients were found. These results indicate that the fi ndings of plaque and colonization of potentially pathogenic bacteria in 57% of the patients might cause periimplantitis and might lower the success rate of the biological durability of implant-supported restorations, indicating the need for professional control of the subjects.

5. Jakovac M, Živko-Babić J, Ćurković L, Carek A. Chemical Durability of Dental Ceramic Material in Acid Medium. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2006;40(1):65-71.
    [details]
    [close]
   Full Text

   Title in English:	Chemical Durability of Dental Ceramic Material in Acid Medium
   Title in Croatian:	Kemijska postojanost dentalnih keramika u kiselom mediju
   Type of Article:	original scientific paper
   MeSH:	DENTAL RESTORATION WEAR DENTAL MATERIALS CERAMICS
   Abstract:	Dental materials need to be thoroughly examined in order to assess their long-term therapeutical value. Chemical degradation of dental ceramic material enhances its roughness, leading to the wear of the opposing natural tooth or restorative material, greater plaque attachment to ceramics, weakening of the ceramic structure causing the critical ion exchange at the surface and enhancing the sensitivity to future chemical agents. The aim of this study was to test loss of mass in samples of four different dental ceramic materials in an acid medium. The least mass loss was recorded in apatite glass ceramic (IPS-Empress 2 for layering) (4.9±0.3 μg/cm2), and most mass loss was recorded in alumina ceramic (Vitadur alpha) (15±0.2 μg/cm2). Lithium disilicate glass ceramic (IPS-Empress 2 for coloring) and alumina (IPS-Classic) showed very similar results (9.4±3.4 μg/cm2 and 10.1±0.3 μg/cm2). The values of mass loss in samples in this work, as well as in the most of the literature, are minimal and presumably do not have any clinical or toxicological effects. However, it does not imply that these values can be generalized and transferred to dental ceramic materials that were not yet analyzed.

6. Živko-Babić J, Kobler P, Jakovac M. Success of Eight-Year Implantoprosthetic Therapy. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2005;39(3):283.
    [details]
    [close]
   Full Text

   Title in English:	Success of Eight-Year Implantoprosthetic Therapy
   Title in Croatian:	Uspješnost 8-godišnje implantoprotetičke terapije
   Type of Article:	congress abstract
   MeSH:	DENTAL IMPLANTATION
   Abstract:	For decades clinicians have attempted to replace lost teeth by the insertion of alloplastic material in the bone and construction of prosthetic devices. The aim of the study was to examine and evaluate the functional durability of implantoprosthetic therapy in partially edentulous patients. During the period between 1997-2005 36 patients were selected on the basis of history data, radiographic analysis and clinical examination for fixed implantoprosthetic therapy. The number of implants and choice of fixed device depended on the individual situation, wish of the patient, cost of the device and also accessibility of a particular clinical procedure. Devices were waxed on study models and individual splints constructed. The results demonstrated that during the eight years 36 patients (21 women and 15 men) were treated, aged 16 - 75 (x=40.3) years. The most frequent indications were lack of teeth (22 patients) trauma (10), fracture of a non-vital tooth (2) and anodontia of a lateral incisor (1). Fifty-three implants were placed (50 ITI, 1 Ankilos, 1 Astra Tech and 1 Brane-mark). Twenty-eight individual crowns were constructed (16 MK, 7 FK and 5 AK) and 14 hybrid bridge constructions (10 metaloceramic and 4 of Au-Pt alloy and polymer veneer material). All devices were cemented. It can be concluded that the most frequent indications for implantoprosthetic therapy were aesthetic in female patients. As the response of patients to return for a check-up was negligible, it is difficult to assess the clinical condition of the above devices. However, it can be safely said that after 6 years of functional durability the success of therapy is 100%.

7. Živko-Babić J, Carek A, Jakovac M. Zirconimu Oxide Ceramics in Prosthodontics. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2005;39(1):19-28.
    [details]
    [close]
   Full Text

   Title in English:	Zirconimu Oxide Ceramics in Prosthodontics
   Title in Croatian:	Cirkonijeva keramika u stomatološkoj protetici
   Type of Article:	original scientific paper
   MeSH:	CERAMICS + therapeutic use
   Abstract:	Dental ceramics justifies more frequent use in prosthetic restoration of damaged dental status. Inlays, crowns and three-unit bridges have been made of all-ceramic system. Zirconia dioxide is a well- known polymorph. The addition of stabilising oxides like MgO, Y2O3 to pure zirconia, makes it completely or partially stabilized zirconia which enables use in prosthodontics. Tetragonal Zirconia Polycrystals (TZP) stabilized with 3mol % yttria, has excellent mechanical and esthetical properties. Fixed prosthetic appliances of this ceramic have been made using CAD/CAM techniques. It can be expected that zirconium oxide ceramics will replace metal-ceramics in restorations that require high strength.

8. Živko-Babić J, Jasprica I, Škarić-Medić M, Jakovac M. Estimation of Standards for Gold and Silver Sampling. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2003;37(3):390-1.
    [details]
    [close]
   Full Text

   Title in English:	Estimation of Standards for Gold and Silver Sampling
   Title in Croatian:	Određivanje standarda za uzorkovanje zlata i srebra
   Type of Article:	congress abstract
   MeSH:	GOLD + therapeutic use SILVER + therapeutic use
   Abstract:	Different precious dental alloys are used in prosthodontic therapy. Precious metals are the synonym for biocompatibility. Gold is one of the most inert and silver the most active presious metals.The purpose of this study was to develop an analyze the chromatographic spots of pure gold and silver (Aurodent, Celje, Slovenia).The sampling was performed in a water-HCl(conc.) solution in a 10 : 1 volume ratio at room temperature using a 4,5 V battery. Dissoluted cations and solutions of standard elements (salts of gold and silver) were applied to HPTLC plates (Mareck, Darmstadt, Germany) 10 x 10 cm precoated with cellulose. Plates were developed in a verticalseparating chamber to a height of approximately 8 cm saturated with iso-amyl (3.methyl-1-butanol) - HCl (36,5%) - acetonitrile in a volume ratio 5,4 : 4,3 : 0,3. After development, plates were dried in (a steam of) hot air and the cations were visualized by spraying with the saturated ethanolic solutions of alizarin, diphenylcarbazide,quercetin and 0,1% chlorophorm solution of dithizone. After drying, plates were exposed to NH3 vapor.According to the Rf value and the color of the spots, the difference between gold and silver were obtained.Anodic sampling with thin-layer chromatography is a suitable, nondestructive method for identification of cations presents in different dental alloys. It is possible to identify the cations with their mass ratio W > 1%. The results have shown that the described method is suitable for analysis of gold and silver and it can be used in future work to identify those cations in dental alloys of unknowncomposition.

9. Živko-Babić J, Stilinović B, Gašparac I, Jakovac M, Pandurić J, Katunarić M. Aerobic Microflora of Subgingival Regions in Prosthodontic Patients with Dental Implants. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2002;36(4):433-9.
    [details]
    [close]
   Full Text

   Title in English:	Aerobic Microflora of Subgingival Regions in Prosthodontic Patients with Dental Implants
   Title in Croatian:	Aerobna mikroflora subgingivnog područja u protetskih pacijenata s implantatima
   Type of Article:	original scientific paper
   MeSH:	GINGIVA + microbiology DENTAL ABUTMENTS DENTAL IMPLANTS
   Abstract:	Prosthodontic therapy on dental implants is one of the solutions for partially and totally edentulous patients. The long-term success directly depends on static and microbiota around implants. The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in subgingival aerobic microflora in patients with or without implants as well as evaluate their sensitivity to antibiotics. The investigation consisted of 41 patients. Nineteen patients had inserted implants and twenty-two natural teeth as abutments for fixed bridges. Five different genera of bacteria and one fungus were isolated by smear method from the subgingival areas. The periodont and periimplant area showed great similarity in the genera of microorganisms, despite which Branhamella spp. was found only in patients with implants and Streptococcus spp. and Candida albicans around the teeth.

10. Jakovac M, Živko-Babić J, Bujanović B, Jerolimov V. Orthodontic-Prosthodontic Rehabilitation: a Case Report. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2002;36(3):349.
     [details]
     [close]
    Full Text

    Title in English:	Orthodontic-Prosthodontic Rehabilitation: a Case Report
    Title in Croatian:	nema
    Type of Article:	congress abstract
    MeSH:	REHABILITATION PROSTHODONTICS ORTHODONTICS
    Abstract:	A 25 year-old female came to the Department of Prosthodontics, complaining of problems with masticatory function, described as pain in both temporomandibular joints during mastication and dissatified with esthetics in the upper jaw. After a thorough clinical escaminations, diagnostic casts and X-ray analysis it was determined that the patent had oligodontium of 10 teeth (14, 15, 17, 18, 24, 25, 28, 38, 44, 48), discoloration of incisors caused by hypomaturatedenamel (amelogenesis imperfecta), disproportion of the front teeth (in completely defined microdontia), Angle class II/1 (deep overbite) and compression of the front teeth. The case history showed that the problems were of a congenital nature apart from the frontal compression, caused by inadequate orthodontic therapy at a youngerage. Despite numerous congenital abnormalities, the patient had no systemic disorders. In consultation with an orthodontist, the patient commenced orthodontic therapy with a fixed orthodontic appliance in the upper jaw for placing the teeth in the right position for fabrication of a semicircular bridge. After 6 months of orthodontic therapy, a fixed prosthodontic appliance 600321 123006 (upper jaw) wasmade of metal ceramic. The aim of the therapy was to replace missing teeth, protect existing teeth with hypomaturated enamel and readjust occlusal height. With the new intermaxillary relations and teeth contour esthetic and functional concordance was achieved.After therapy the patient had no pain in the temporomandibularjoints.

11. Lisjak D, Čurković L, Živko-Babić J, Jakovac M. Estimation of Wear Resistance in Acid Solution of Dental Ceramics by Neural Network. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2002;36(3):343.
     [details]
     [close]
    Full Text

    Title in English:	Estimation of Wear Resistance in Acid Solution of Dental Ceramics by Neural Network
    Title in Croatian:	nema
    Type of Article:	congress abstract
    MeSH:	DENTAL RESTORATION WEAR CERAMICS NEURAL NETWORKS
    Abstract:	It is known that exposure to acid causes damage to the glass surface. The aim of this study was to examine wear resistance, measuring the mass change of dental ceramics after contact with 10-3 mol dm-3 HCl at temperature of 50°C. Four samples of dental ceramics were analyzed: feldspatic ceramic, hydrothermal ceramic, glass ceramic for staining and glass ceramic for layering. The mass concentrations of eluted Na+, K+ and Ca2+ were determinedby ion chromatography (IC) and mass concentrations of Si4+ and Al3+ by UV/VIS spectrometry. Measurements were conducted after 1, 2, 3, 6 and 12 months of emersion. For the subject issue, using experimental data, the feedforward backpropagation neural network for estimation of wear resistance of dental ceramics was modelled. The results of 1, 2 and 12 months of emersion were used for the training 13-20-5 model of neural network. Comparison of experimental data and data obtained by estimation (results of 3 and 6 month intervals) of neural network shows that the applied network model provided a very good prediction of wear behavior of dental ceramics with high correlation coefficient (R) and low sum ofsquared error (SSE) between measurement and estimated output values.

12. Jakovac M, Živko-Babić J, Ćurković L, Pandurić J, Jerolimov V. Application of Spectrophotometry and Ion Chromatography for Monitoring the Chemical Stability of Dental Ceramics in an Acid Solution. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2002;36(1):85-96.
     [details]
     [close]
    Full Text

    Title in English:	Application of Spectrophotometry and Ion Chromatography for Monitoring the Chemical Stability of Dental Ceramics in an Acid Solution
    Title in Croatian:	Određivanje kemijske stabilnosti dentalne keramike u kiselome mediju metodama spekrofotmetrije i ionske kromatografije
    Type of Article:	original scientific paper
    MeSH:	SPECTROPHOTOMETRY CHROMATOGRAPHY, ION EXCHANGE CERAMICS + chemistry
    Abstract:	The corrosive process of dental alloys is very well known, although little information is available on the corrosion of dental ceramics. The aim of this study was the analysis of the chemical stability of two dental ceramics in an aggressive acid medium. Two samples of feldspathic ceramic fused to Co-Cr and Ni-Cr alloy and a sample of hydrothermal ceramic fused to high-noble gold alloy were deposited in 10-3 mol/L HCl at 50°C during six months. The solutions were analysed after one, two, three and six months. The determination of Na+, K+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ was performed by ion chromatography (IC), the quantities of the eluted Si4+ and Al3+ were determined by spectrophotometric method and the weight loss of each sample was measured by an analytical scale. The changes of the pH values were determined by means of a pH meter. The results showed that most ions were eluted after the first three months, while after that period of time elution was significantly lower in each sample. The sample with hydrothermal ceramic showed the most significant elution and the highest weight loss. The pH values changed in each leachate sample, but stabilised after the 3rd month of the investigation. It can be concluded that dental ceramics are not stable in an acid medium.