List of Articles by Author

1. Savić Pavičin I, Sipina M, Badel T, Jukić T. The Impact of Osteoporosis on Dental Health in Women Older than 45 Years . Acta Stomatol Croat. 2013;47(4):329-35.
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   Title in English:	The Impact of Osteoporosis on Dental Health in Women Older than 45 Years
   Title in Croatian:	Utjecaj osteoporoze na oralno zdravlje žena starijih od 45 godina
   Type of Article:	bibliography
   MeSH:	(no MeSH data)
   Abstract:	(not available)

2. Badel T, Stražanac J, Marotti M, Krapac L. Treatment of myogenic temporomandibular disorder by occlusal splint and physical therapy: a case report. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2010;44(3):202-10.
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   Title in English:	Treatment of myogenic temporomandibular disorder by occlusal splint and physical therapy: a case report
   Title in Croatian:	Liječenje miogenog temporomandibularnog poremećaja okluzijskom udlagom i fizioterapijom: prikaz slučaja
   Type of Article:	case report
   MeSH:	MALOCCLUSION + therapy MASSETER MUSCLE + pathology MYOFUNCTIONAL THERAPY + utilization SPLINTS + utilization TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISORDERS + therapy
   Abstract:	Diagnostics of a patient suffering from masseter tendomyopathy as well as the 18-month followup of Michigan split treatment and kinesiotherapy by Schulte are described. Techniques of manual functional analysis and the diagnostically differential magnetic resonance were used for diagnostics since the patient had pathologic habitual occlusion caused by a previous inadequate splint. However, apart from the physiological disc position, there were only visible subchondral changes in terms of osteoarthritis with preserved contours of cortical bone and without additional clinical symptomatology. Diagnostics and treatment require a multidisciplinary cooperation which will enable treatment success. The goal of initial and palliative treatment is to manage, reduce and remove temporomandibular pain as well as to improve the functioning of the entire stomatognathic system. While there is an agreed gold standard in clinical diagnostics of temporomandibular disorders (clinical examination, manual examination techniques, magnetic resonance), there is no such gold standard for the choice of treatment methods. The pathophysiological and neuromuscular component of the myogenic temporomandibular disorder has not been completely explained. Recent systematic review papers confirm the value of the Michigan splint and physical therapy as successful treatment methods of temporomandibular disorders. However, there is a lack of randomized, comparable research.

3. Badel T, Alajbeg I [Iva], Marotti M, Kocijan Lovko S. Temporomandibular Joint Disorder Therapy by Occlusal Splint: A Case Report. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2008;42(3):283-91.
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   Title in English:	Temporomandibular Joint Disorder Therapy by Occlusal Splint: A Case Report
   Title in Croatian:	Terapija poremećaja čeljusnog zgloba okluzijskom udlagom: prikaz slučaja
   Type of Article:	case report
   MeSH:	TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISORDERS JAW RELATION RECORD OCCLUSAL SPLINT
   Abstract:	Temporomandibular disorder is the term that includes all functional disturbances of temporomandibular joint and masticatory muscles. This paper deals with one of the most common types of temporomandibular disorders that is articular disc displacement into an anterior position or so called articular disc dislocation. The most common risk factor related to this disorder is trauma. This can be a macrotrauma, such as an impact into the jaw, or microtrauma, which is related to chronic muscle hyperactivity or the occlusal instability. Magnetic resonance imaging is used for noninvasive evaluation of temporomandibular joints and soft tissues. Although irreversible therapeutic means are recommended for temporomandibular disorder treatment, the most common dental treatment is reversible and noninvasive which implies occlusal stabilization splint fabrication. This paper reports a case of a female patient with anterior articular disc displacement of her left temporomandibular joint and the treatment by a stabilization splint in order to obtain functional effi ciency of her masticatory system.

4. Badel T, Keros J, Šegović S, Komar D. Clinical and Tribological View on Tooth Wear. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2007;41(4):355-65.
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   Title in English:	Clinical and Tribological View on Tooth Wear
   Title in Croatian:	Klinički i tribološki pogled na trošenje zuba
   Type of Article:	review
   MeSH:	TOOTH ABRASION TOOTH ATTRITION TOOTH EROSION + etiology
   Abstract:	This paper is an overview on different interpretation of tooth wear, clinical appearance and etiopathogenic models. A process of tooth wear on the ultrastructural level of dental surfaces may be explained by tribological mechanisms, clinically classified as: attrition, abrasion, erosion and abfraction. There are some difficulties in clinical differentiation of certain processes of hard dental tissue wear due to multifactorial etiology and synergistic effects of different mechanisms of tooth wear together with synchronized action over a longer period of time. In order to predict further actions with regard to both existing and planned procedures used during the period of oral rehabilitation, it is important to detect the mechanism which caused the loss of dental tissue, which should ensure clinical success.

5. Badel T, Pandurić J, Marotti M, Kocijan Lovko S. Temporomandibular Joint Disorder in an Otalgia Patient. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2006;40(2):175-81.
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   Title in English:	Temporomandibular Joint Disorder in an Otalgia Patient
   Title in Croatian:	Poremećaj čeljusnog zgloba pacijentice s otalgijom
   Type of Article:	case report
   MeSH:	TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISORDERS MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY EARACHE ANXIETY DENTURES
   Abstract:	Often wrong judgment of unspecifi c otological symptoms, caused by some types of temporomandibular disorders, is based on the connection in the embryonic development of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the ear. This is a report of a female patient who was previously treated by the ear-nose-throat specialist because of otalgia, but it was concluded that she had some TMJ pathology. Clinical examination and magnet resonance of the TMJs confi rmed anterior slide of the disc. Since the patient has fi ve-year-old complete dentures, new ones were fabricated. The symptoms recede, and for the patient the most important thing was that the pain disappeared. With regards to her age, acquired anodontia and impossible restitutio ad integrum treatment, she was instructed how to support the painless functional status of her masticatory system.

6. Badel T, Pandurić J, Marotti M, Krolo I. Clinical Investigation of Temporomandibular Joint Arthrosis Frequency in Young Males. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2006;40(1):45-55.
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   Title in English:	Clinical Investigation of Temporomandibular Joint Arthrosis Frequency in Young Males
   Title in Croatian:	Klinička studija učestalosti artroze čeljusnog zgloba u mlađih muškaraca
   Type of Article:	original scientific paper
   MeSH:	TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISORDERS + epidemiology
   Abstract:	Aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of symptoms, clinical signs and diagnosis of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) arthrosis in relation to loss of lateral teeth in the population of young males. Hundred and ninety recruits of the Croatian Army, aged 19 to 27 years were clinically examined. Crepitation and pain in TMJ was examined by manual functional analysis. The mandibular excursion was measured by caliper, and loss of lateral teeth by Eichner’s classification. The reliability of clinical diagnostic was crosschecked by means of magnetic resonance. Crepitation in TMJ was observed in 8.9% of the subjects. Osteoarthrosis was determined in 3.6% and osteoarthritis in 3.2% of the subjects. Spearman’s coefficient of correlation rank was significant for following variables: crepitation and pain p < 0,01; clinical signs and: - pain p < 0,01, - crepitation p < 0,01, - reduced movement of the mandible p < 0,01, - osteoarthrosis p < 0,05, - osteoarthritis p < 0,05 and reduced movement of mandible and pain p < 0,01. Eichner’s classification does not show significance in relation to clinical signs of TMJ arthrosis. Frequency of clinical signs of arthrosis in recruits is low as well as the need for treatment.

7. Kraljević M, Šegović S, Badel T, Simeon P. Periapical Status of Endodontically Treated Teeth in Relations to the Quality of the Coronal Restoration. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2005;39(4):387-98.
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   Title in English:	Periapical Status of Endodontically Treated Teeth in Relations to the Quality of the Coronal Restoration
   Title in Croatian:	Periapeksni status endodontski liječenih zubi s obzirom na kakvoću poslijeendodontskoga restaurativnog nadomjestka
   Type of Article:	original scientific paper
   MeSH:	ROOT CANAL THERAPY ROOT CANAL OBTURATION RADIOGRAPHY, PANORAMIC
   Abstract:	The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship of the quality of the postendodontic restoration and root canal obturation on the radiographic periapical status of endodontically treated teeth. Panoramic adiographs of randomly selected patients from the Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry and the Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine in Zagreb, were examined. Six hundred and ninety-six endodontically treated teeth from 265 panoramic radiographs were evaluated independently by two examiners. According to a predetermined radiographic set of criteria, the technical quality of the root filling of each tooth was scored as either good or poor, and the quality of the postendodontic restoration similarly good or poor. The apical one-third of the root and surrounding structures were then evaluated radiographically and the periapical status categorized as absence (API) or presence (PPI) of periradicular inflammation. The rate of API for all endodontically treated teeth was 45%. Good endodontic filling (GE) resulted in significantly more API cases than good postendodontic restoration (GR), 89% versus 68%. Poor endodontic filling (PE) resulted in slightly more PPI cases than poor postendodontically restoration (PR), 81% versus 79%. The combination of GE and GR had the highest API rate of 94%, significantly higher than PE and PR, with API rate of 14%. Differences among groups regarding the technical quality of the root filling, and the quality of the postendodontic restoration were statistically significant (p< 0.05).

8. Mehulić K, Schauperl Z, Čvrljak-Tomić I, Badel T. A Method for Testing Abrasive Weare of Aesthetic Prosthetic Materials. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2005;39(2):171-80.
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   Title in English:	A Method for Testing Abrasive Weare of Aesthetic Prosthetic Materials
   Title in Croatian:	Metoda za ispitivanje abrazijskoga trošenja estetskih protetskih materijala
   Type of Article:	preliminary report
   MeSH:	DENTAL RESTORATION WEAR CERAMICS POLYMERS
   Abstract:	Friction and wear occur due to the contact of surfaces which are more or less rough. During abrasive wear the extrusion of material occurs, caused by hard particles which apply pressure toward the surface or slide along it (three-body abrasive wear) or by hard protrusions (two-body abrasive wear). Because of demands to provide a satisfactory aesthetic mastication surface the clinician is faced with the problem of the choice of material for veneering.The article describes a method for testing abrasive wear of pairs of tooth-prosthetic material for veneering. In order to test the method two different prosthetic veneering materials were tested (polymer material SR Chromasit, Ivoclar and Clay ceramic, Sign-Ivoclar) on a modified Taber abraser, in dry conditions. Significant differences were determined in the wear scars on specimens of the tested materials. The method enables the testing of specimens of different materials mutually or in a pair with a natural tooth, under different loading and with or without a third body (food or artificial saliva), which in clinical practice represents valuable data during the choice of the type of construction and veneering material.

9. Badel T, Jerolimov V, Pandurić J, Perenčević K. Role and Fabrication Method of Custom-made Mouthguards for the Prevention of Athletic Injuries. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2004;38(2):197-207.
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   Title in English:	Role and Fabrication Method of Custom-made Mouthguards for the Prevention of Athletic Injuries
   Title in Croatian:	Uloga i način izradbe individualnog štitnika za zube u prevenciji športskih ozljeda
   Type of Article:	professional paper
   MeSH:	TOOTH INJURIES ATHLETIC INJURIES SPORTS MEDICINE
   Abstract:	Orofacial injuries are athletic injuries which are specific according to place and way of occurence. Sports dentistry is a dental discipline associated with the prevention and treatment of the consequences of orofacial injuries during sport activities. Orofacial, and particularly dental athletic injuries, differentiate according to way of occurence from other dental injuries and can be easily prevented. By using an adequate mouthguard a number of dental and periodontal injuries can be considerably reduced. There are different intraoral mouthguards: stock, mouth-formed and custom-made mouthguards. Even though with the stock and mouthformed mouthguards a visit to the dentist is avoided, only custom-made mouthguards offer maximum prevention from orofacial injuries. By its construction and technological features it is the most comfortable for athletes during training and competition. Preconditions for wearing mouthguards are good oral prophylaxis and restoration of all teeth (without caries and periodontopathy). The motherguard is commonly fabricated on the upper dental arch. Mouthguards are manufactured from materials that should satisfy numerous physical, mechanical, biological and functional requirement. Fabrication method of a mouthguard by means of vacuum lamination is presented. The role of the mouthguard is to prevent laceration of the tongue, lips and cheeks by the sharp edges of anterior maxillary teeth, to reduce the risk of injuries to the anterior teeth, to reduce the risk of mandibular or maxillary fractures as well as damage to the posterior teeth and temporomandibular joints, after blows to the interior aspect of the mandible. Athletes should be informed of the possibilities of prevention of their oral health as well as of the existence of slight difficulties which are inevitable during wear of a mouthguard.

10. Badel T, Azinović Z, Keros J, Dulčić N, Mehulić K. Caries of Croatian Army Recruits. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2003;37(4):433-41.
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    Title in English:	Caries of Croatian Army Recruits
    Title in Croatian:	Karijes u novaka Hrvatske vojske
    Type of Article:	original scientific paper
    MeSH:	DENTAL CARIES + epidemiology MILITARY PERSONNEL
    Abstract:	The object of this study is the occurrence of caries in Croatian Army recruits with regard to specific qualities of certain social communities. Caries was diagnosed in 190 recruits by means of DMFT index. Subjects were classified according to residence (urban, suburban, rural) and age. Healthy teeth were determined in 5 (2.6%) subjects. The average DMFT value was 7.76 (DT:2.03; MT:1.49; FT:4.25). Statistically significant difference was found between DT (p = 0.009) and FT (p < 0.001) values depending on residence. For rural environment the following values were established DT:2.59 and FT:2.87, and for urban environment DT:1.52 and FT:5.48. Subject values according to age were DMFT (p = 0.008), DT (p < 0.001), MT (p = 0.022) and FT (p < 0.001). The study of caries frequency in recruits is incentive for further systematic studies in smaller socio economic groups and reveals the necessity for improvement in preventive program both during childhood and adolescence.

11. Dulčić N, Pandurić J, Kraljević S, Badel T, Ćelić R. Fabrication of Complete Dentures in a Patients With Mandibular Resection - a Case Rreport. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2003;37(3):322.
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    Title in English:	Fabrication of Complete Dentures in a Patients With Mandibular Resection - a Case Rreport
    Title in Croatian:	Izradba potpunih proteza u pacijenata s resekcijom čeljusti - prikaz slučaja
    Type of Article:	congress abstract
    MeSH:	DENTURE, COMPLETE
    Abstract:	Loss of mandibular continuity creates great problems in prosthetic rehabilitation of edentulous patients. The problems resulting from resection of the mandible comprise difficulty in mastication on other mandibular movements due to loss of physiological funcion and coordination of masticatory muscles, as well as decrease in the lower denture foundation. This report presents fabrication procedures of complete dentures in a patient with unilateral partial resection of the mandible. Two functional impressions secured correct impression of the denture foundation and maximum extension of the denture borders. The function of prostheses in static and dynamic conditions was achieved by correctly defined interarch relationships, arrangement of anterior teeth in accordance with aesthetics, phonation and function and arrangment of posterior teeth in accordance with the ligual area, intercuspidation, static occlusion and articulation. After handing in the dentures to the patient, both static and dynamic occlusion were corrected by a remount procedure. A check-up six months after denture fabrication showed that the patient had normal swallowing and speech, control of salivation and satisfactory masticatory function.

12. Badel T, Restek-Despotušić S, Keros J, Azinović Z, Dulčić N. Oral Health of Croatian Army Recruits. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2003;37(3):307-8.
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    Title in English:	Oral Health of Croatian Army Recruits
    Title in Croatian:	Oralno zdravlje novaka Hrvatske vojske
    Type of Article:	congress abstract
    MeSH:	ORAL HEALTH MILITARY PERSONNEL
    Abstract:	DMFT index and FST index were used to determine the oral health and oral health care habits of Croatian Army recruits. In 2001 505 19- year-old recruits in the barracks in Koprivnica were clinically examined and asked about their health care habits. Oral status of all teeth (except wisdom teeth) was described by DMFT index (decayed, filled, and missing teeth) and compared withFST index (filled and sound teeth). The number of tooth brushing per day and the reason and number of visits to the dentist each year were determined. The dependence of results in the specific urban and rural community was tested. The level of teeth sanation of the recruits was calculated by the formula FT x 100/DFT. The study showed average DMFT index 7.32 (DT: 3.15, MT: 1.29 and FT: 2.88). The average value of FST index was 23.56 and teeth sanation 47.8 %. Statistically significant difference according to domicile in DT, MT, FT and FST index was determined. Subjects from the rural environment had more teeth affected by caries, and those from urban environment had better teeth sanation (66 %). Subjects who brushed their teeth three or more times per day and who regularly visited the dentist had significantlly higher values of FT and FST index. Health condition of subjects from urban environment, was better (higher values of FT index and slower cumulative distribution and statistical significance of FST index). There was no statistically significant difference in values of DMFT index in relation to subjects from rural environment. High values of DMFT index were determined in Croatian Army recruits. FST index is more adequate than DMFT index for application in a population with a higher level of dental caries. The conducted research contributes to determination of the dental health of Croatian Army recruits as well as to the organisation of optimal preventive programs.

13. Badel T, Pandurić J, Kraljević-Šimunković S, Marotti M, Kocijan Lovko S, Šutalo J. Temporomandibular Disorders in a Patient With Anxiety. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2003;37(3):306-7.
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    Title in English:	Temporomandibular Disorders in a Patient With Anxiety
    Title in Croatian:	Temporomandibularna disfunkcija u pacijentice s anksioznošću
    Type of Article:	congress abstract
    MeSH:	TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISORDERS + therapy ANXIETY
    Abstract:	A patient (28 yrs. old) during the last year has noticed wear facets on the teeth and also symptoms of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) - pain, limitation of mandibular movements, and also clicking in the right temporomandibular joint (TMJ). The pain was evaluated with analog-visual scale (0 - 10) = 7. Case history revealed the presence of mental trauma four years ago, which had caused the increase of anxiety and occurrence of panic attacks. By means of manual functional analysis myofacial pain and anterior disc displacement without reduction in the right TMJ was determined and confirmed with electronic axiography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). As a consequence of excessive teeth wear the interfering contacts in laterotrusive movements of mandibule were established. Anxiety was confirmed with psychological measuring instrument State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. For the initial treatment the fabrication of Michigan splint was indicated. After 2 months improvement in clinical condition was achieved. Stronger pain was only during larger mouth opening. In the right TMJ crepitation was found. In the last few months she took irregularly prescribed anxiolytic drugs. She still feels anxious, tense and insecure. After 9 months the anterior disc dislocation without reduction and with present signs of subchondral degeneration and condylar aplation in the right TMJ was established with controlling MRI. Orthopedic stability of TMJs was established with definitive occlusal treatment (restoration of wear teeth tissues with composite fillings). Because of accompanying osteoarthritis and better stabilisation of TMJs as well as teeth protection from bruxism a stabilisation splint was fabricated. Bruxism is a pathophysiological disorder of unclear aetiology. The most noticeable sign of bruxism is excessive teeth wear which can cause pathological occlusal relationships. The mechanism of aetiopathogenesis of TMD is insufficiently explained and occlusion is considered to be a secondary aetiological factor. Anxiety can be a pathophysiological factor of bruxism and can lead to persistence of chronic temporomandibular pain.

14. Badel T, Jerolimov V, Pandurić J, Perenčević K. Individual Mouthguard in Prevention of Sports Trauma. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2003;37(3):305.
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    Title in English:	Individual Mouthguard in Prevention of Sports Trauma
    Title in Croatian:	Individualni štitnik u prevenciji športskih ozljeda
    Type of Article:	congress abstract
    MeSH:	TOOTH INJURIES ATHLETIC INJURIES SPORTS MEDICINE
    Abstract:	Trauma of teeth and soft tissues of the orofacial system are today one of the major health problems. According to the aetiology of dental trauma a separate group are sports traumas which are characteristic for many sports. The protective role of the mouthguard in the preventionof laceration of tongue, lips and cheeks caused by sharp incisal edges, in most cases of anterior superior teeth, decreases possibility of mandibular and maxillary fracture as well as injuries to posterior teeth and temporomandibular joints as a result of a blow in the lower mandibular margin. The fabrication procedure of individual sports mouthguard by modelling technique on plaster casts by vaccuum forming (Erkoform®, Erkodent) is presented. Individual mouthguard is most frequently fabricated on superior dental arch, and the preconditions for wearing the mouthguard are good oral prophylaxis and completely cured teeth. Clinical and laboratory procedures of fabrication comprise the following working phases: preliminary impression of maxilla and mandibule in alginate, transfer of upper dental arch in articulator and centric record, laboratory fabrication, finishing and polishing, delivery to patient, grinding and subsequent care. Individual mouthguard offers most in the prophylaxis of orofacial traumas, and with its construction and tecnological characteristics is the most pleasant for athletes during training and competition.

15. Badel T, Pandurić J, Kraljević S, Dulčić N. Initial Treatment of Prosthetic Patients with a Michigan Splint. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2003;37(2):199-210.
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    Title in English:	Initial Treatment of Prosthetic Patients with a Michigan Splint
    Title in Croatian:	Inicijalno liječenje protetskih pacijenata michiganskom udlagom
    Type of Article:	professional paper
    MeSH:	PROSTHODONTICS + methods SPLINTS
    Abstract:	The Michigan splint covers all occlusal surfaces of the dental arch and is used in initial prosthetic treatment during the diagnosis and treatment of temporomandibular disorders. The most frequent indication is myalgia of the masticatory muscles and arthralgia of the temporomandibular joint. The splint eliminates symptoms and realises self-positioning of the mandible into a new position, which is acceptable for the patient. It can be worn for a longer period with the object of protecting the hard dental tissue due to bruxism. Because of stability and retention on the base the upper dental arch is more frequently chosen. The occlusal surface of the splint is fabricated in the form of flat surfaces on which equal contacts of the working cusps of the antagonistic jaws are achieved in the area of freedom in the centric. In excursive movements of the mandible disocclusion of the remaining teeth is realised, guided by the canine. Interrupted wearing of the splint follows during an interval of gradual disuse and reduction in the period of wearing. Success of the treatment is conditioned by careful fabrication of the splint in the articulator, regular check-ups while wearing the splint and occlusal relations.

16. Badel T, Pandurić J, Ćelić R, Kraljević S, Dulčić N. Control and Correction of Occlusal Relations of Complete Dentures. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2002;36(3):355.
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    Title in English:	Control and Correction of Occlusal Relations of Complete Dentures
    Title in Croatian:	nema
    Type of Article:	congress abstract
    MeSH:	DENTAL OCCLUSION JAW RELATION RECORD DENTURE, COMPLETE
    Abstract:	Control and correction of occlusal relations are a constituent part of clinical and laboratory procedures of complete denture fabrication. Denture materials and fabrication procedures cannot ensure dimensionally correct complete dentures, and therefore it is necessary to check the occlusion. A remount procedure is carried out in order to establish correct occlusal contacts of denture teeth bymounting the finished dentures back on the articulator. There are several reasons for remounting: changed volume of the acrylic resin during polymerisation, dimensional changes in the early days of wearing due to water absorption in the acrylic base and placement of denture bases to the denture foundation area. Remounting startswith fabrication of transfer casts, determination and transfer of interarch relations to the articulator. When the dynamic concept of occlusion is chosen, priority is given to incisor or canine teeth guided occlusion. Remounting should be a constituent part of complete denture fabrication. Supported by Ministry of Science and Technology.Republic of Croatia, Project No. 065010.

17. Kraljević S, Pandurić J, Badel T, Dulčić N. Regisration and Measurement of Right and Left Mediotrusion by Using the Method of Electronic Axiography. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2002;36(3):337.
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    Title in English:	Regisration and Measurement of Right and Left Mediotrusion by Using the Method of Electronic Axiography
    Title in Croatian:	nema
    Type of Article:	congress abstract
    MeSH:	JAW RELATION RECORD
    Abstract:	PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to register and measure lower jaw movements and to analyse the measured length of maximal right and left mediotrusion movement in asymptomatic and symptomatic subjects.MATERIALS AND METHODS. A symptomatic group consisted of 51 subjects with temporomandibular disorders. A control group consisted of 43 subjects without signs and symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders. In the symptomatic group of subjects signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders were crepitation, bruxism, sensitivity, pain in the temporomandibularjoint and muscles, as well as pain and sensitivity in the region surround and anterior to the ear, together with difficulties while opening the mouth. Each subject was registered by the GAMMA CADIAX system for registration of positions and movement of the lower jaw, which consist of a convetional SAM axiograph, electronic device for drawing of curves with a computer.RESULTS. No significant differences were found between the groups of subject for the measured variables. CONCLUSION. The results of the length of the mandibular and condyle movements are important, alhough unreliable indicators of temporomandibular join function. Description analysis of a graphic recording of mandibular and TMJ movement remains a precise evaluation method for determination of TMJ dysfunction.

18. Ćelić R, Pandurić J, Badel T, Kraljević S, Dulčić N. Influence of Occlusal Interference on the Prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2002;36(3):332.
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    Title in English:	Influence of Occlusal Interference on the Prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders
    Title in Croatian:	nema
    Type of Article:	congress abstract
    MeSH:	DENTAL OCCLUSION TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISORDERS + epidemiology
    Abstract:	The significance of occlusal interference in the etiology of temporomandibular disorders has been questioned in numerous recent articles. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of the clinical signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders in a young male nonpatient population and to investigate a possible association between the signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders and occlusal interference. A questionnaire including data from history and clinical functionalexamination was used in the study. All subjects (a total of 230) were male (army recruits), of 19 to 28 years of age (mean 21.3). Temporomandibular joint clicking was reported in 91 subjects, temporomandibular joint pain on palpation and functional loading in 78 subjects, masticatory muscle pain on palpation and functional loading in 58 subjects, tension type headache in 30 subjects, andmandibular deviation on opening and closing movements greater than 2 mm in 43 subjects. The prevalence of occlusal interference in percentage in 230 young adults, 65% had no occlusal interference during examination of the functional state of occlusion, while 14%subjects had centric slide between centric relation and maximum intercuspation, 5% subjects had working side interference and16% subjects had non-working side interference during lateral and protrusive mandibular movements. Clinical signs and symptoms were correlated with occlusal interference, although their correlation cannot be considered unique or dominant in definition of a temporomandibular disorder population.

19. Badel T, Pandurić J, Marotti M. Initial Therapy by Stabilization Splint in Patient with Complete Dentures. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2002;36(2):267-78.
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    Title in English:	Initial Therapy by Stabilization Splint in Patient with Complete Dentures
    Title in Croatian:	Inicijalno liječenje stabilizacijskom udlagom u pacijenata s potpunim protezama
    Type of Article:	professional paper
    MeSH:	DENTURE, COMPLETE DENTURE RETENTION SPLINTS
    Abstract:	Patients often wear inadequate complete dentures that become functionally unacceptable due to marked abrasion of the prosthetic teeth and resorption of the denture bone foundation. Symptoms of dysfunction in the temporomandibular joint may also occur. Because of the uncontrollably reduced vertical dimension of complete dentures and the treatment of the signs of temporomandibular dysfunction, as confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging, wearing of a stabilization (vertical) splint is indicated. The splint is made in an articulator where occlusal relationships are checked and corrected. During the therapy the patient’s subjective symptoms and objective findings are monitored. Successful initial therapy is a precondition for success in final prosthetic treatment by complete dentures.

20. Badel T, Ćelić R, Kraljević S, Pandurić J, Dulčić N. Complete Denture Remounting. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2001;35(3):371-87.
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    Title in English:	Complete Denture Remounting
    Title in Croatian:	Remontaža potpunih proteza
    Type of Article:	professional paper
    MeSH:	DENTAL OCCLUSION DENTURE, COMPLETE
    Abstract:	Correct occlusal relationships on complete dentures are part of the success in prosthetic treatment of edentulous patients. As denture base materials and fabrication procedures cannot provide dimensionally accurate complete dentures, it is necessary to check the occlusion. The relation between artificial teeth on complete dentures has a significant impact on even loading of denture foundations and optimum stabilisation of dentures during wearing. A remount procedure begins with fabrication of remount casts, determination and transfer of interarch relationships into the articulator. Deflective contacts on dentures are eliminated by selective grinding carried out in the articulator in the intercuspal position and by excursive tooth guided movements. The purpose is to represent a remount procedure as a constituent part of complete denture fabrication procedures in everyday practice. When selecting a dynamic concept of occlusion, priority is given to unbalanced dentures, i.e. to canine guided occlusion and/or to the concept of unilateral occlusal balance.

21. Kraljević S, Pandurić J, Badel T, Ćelić R. Immediate Complete denture. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2001;35(2):273-85.
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    Title in English:	Immediate Complete denture
    Title in Croatian:	Imedijatna proteza
    Type of Article:	case report
    MeSH:	DENTURE, COMPLETE, IMMEDIATE
    Abstract:	An immediate complete denture is a restoration for lost natural teeth and associated tissues, which is inserted into the patient's mouth immediately following the extraction of the remaining teeth.The purpose of the paper is to draw the dentist/practitioner's attention to the need for immediate complete denture fabrication. The aims, advantages and disadvantages of immediate dentures as well as contraindications are described in detail.Modern procedures for immediate complete denture fabrication as well as instructions to patients about wearing the denture and mouth and denture hygiene are given.A need for a timely rebasing of immediate dentures and adjustment of the occlusion is also pointed out. The functional, aesthetic and psychological success of immediate dentures depends on correct indication, diagnosis, treatment planning and precisely executed fabrication procedures.

22. Ćelić R, Kraljević K, Kraljević S, Badel T, Pandurić J. The correlation between temporomandibular disorders and morphological occlusion. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2000;34(1):25-40.
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    Title in English:	The correlation between temporomandibular disorders and morphological occlusion
    Title in Croatian:	Povezanost temporomandibularnih poremećaja i morfološke okluzije
    Type of Article:	original scientific paper
    MeSH:	TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISORDERS + etiology DENTAL OCCLUSION MALOCCLUSION + physiopathology
    Abstract:	Contradictions in the field of epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis and treatment of temporomandibular disorders continue, especially because such disorders rarely appear as individual entities, but as multiple problems with overlapping signs and symptoms. The purpose of this study was to establish the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders in a population of younger male subjects (nonpatients) in relation to interarch relationships in the intercuspal position, to establish a correlation between signs and symptoms and morphological occlusion(Angle classification) and to compare results with known clinical studies. The study comprised 230 male subjects aged from 19 to 28 years, who were examined based on a questionnaire (clinical functional analysis according to Gutowski).From the total number of subjects, 44.3% of subjects had at least one sign, and 38% of subjects had at least one symptom of a temporomandibular disorder. Analysing signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders individually, 91 subjects (39.6%) had jaw joint clicking, 3 subjects (1.3%) had crepitation in jaw joints, a total of 78 subjects (33.9%) had pain in jaw joints at palpation and functional loading, a total of 58 subjects (25.2%) had pain in the muscles of mastication at palpation and functional examination, 43 subjects (18.7%) had a lower jaw deviation exceeding 2 mm and 30 subjects (13%) had tension-type headache. By the calculation of Spearman’s correlation rank, a correlation between signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorders and interarch relationships in the intercuspal position, especially in the group with disturbed interarch relationships (class II/1, class II/2, class III and crossbite), wasestablished.

23. Kraljević K, Kraljević S, Ćelić R, Badel T. Imedijatna potpuna proteza [in Croatian]. Acta Stomatol Croat. 1998;32(Suppl):172.
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    Title in English:	nema
    Title in Croatian:	Imedijatna potpuna proteza
    Type of Article:	congress abstract
    MeSH:	DENTURE, COMPLETE, IMMEDIATE
    Abstract:	(not available)

24. Kraljević S, Kraljević K, Pandurić J, Ćelić R, Badel T. Bilježenje i mjerenje kretnji donje čeljusti metodom elektronske aksiografije [in Croatian]. Acta Stomatol Croat. 1998;32(Suppl):172.
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    Title in English:	nema
    Title in Croatian:	Bilježenje i mjerenje kretnji donje čeljusti metodom elektronske aksiografije
    Type of Article:	congress abstract
    MeSH:	MANDIBLE + physiology PROSTHODONTICS + methods
    Abstract:	(not available)

25. Guljaš K, Pandurić J, Kraljević S, Knezović D, Čelić R, Badel T. Analysis of the incidence of removable denture fractures in an adult population. Acta Stomatol Croat. 1998;32(1):59-69.
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    Title in English:	Analysis of the incidence of removable denture fractures in an adult population
    Title in Croatian:	Raščlamba pojavnosti lomova mobilnih proteza u odrasloj populaciji
    Type of Article:	original scientific paper
    MeSH:	DENTURES DENTURE REPAIR PROSTHESIS FAILURE DENTURE BASES
    Abstract:	(not available)