Browsing of Articles

1. Kargul B, Bakkal M. Prevalence, Etiology, Risk Factors, Diagnosis, and Preventive Strategies of Dental Erosion: Literature Review (Part l & Part II). Acta Stomatol Croat. 2009;43(3):165-87.
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   Title in English:	Prevalence, Etiology, Risk Factors, Diagnosis, and Preventive Strategies of Dental Erosion: Literature Review (Part l & Part II)
   Title in Croatian:	Prevalencija, etiologija, rizični čimbenici, dijagnostika i preventivne mjere kod erozije zuba: pregled literature (I. i II. dio)
   Type of Article:	review
   MeSH:	TOOTH EROSION TOOTH ATTRITION TOOTH ABRASION
   Abstract:	Dental erosion is defined as irreversible loss of dental hard tissue by a chemical process (acid acid and/or chelation exposure) that does not involve bacteria. The acidic attack leads to an irreversible loss of dental hard tissue, which is accompanied by a progressive softening of the surface. This softened zone is more susceptible to mechanical forces, such as abrasion , which in turn have little or no effect on sound dental hard tissues. The chemical and mechanical processes can occur individually or together, although the effect of erosion is often dominant. The etiology of erosion is multifactorial and not fully understood. The studies should clearly delineate erosion, attrition, and abrasion with identification of etiologic factors. There are different predisposing factors and aetiologies of the erosive condition. As erosive tooth wear is a multifactorial condition, preventive strategies have to be applied which account for chemical, biological and behavioral factors involved in the etiology and pathogenesis of erosion There is an increasing awareness in clinical dentistry of the need to better understand the aetiology and management of tooth wear as increasing numbers of elderly patients are retaining their natural teeth to a stage when they present with extensive wear. The clinical management of erosion should focus on early detection and prevention before a restorative approach is considered. Early recognition of erosion is important to successfully manage and prevent disease progression.

2. Reichert C, Klein M, Kasaj A, Kuhn S, Götz H, Hommel G, Duschner H, Al-Nawas B. Modulation of Osteogenic Cell Morphology by ECM Ligands and Enamel Matrix Derivative. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2009;43(3):188-201.
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   Title in English:	Modulation of Osteogenic Cell Morphology by ECM Ligands and Enamel Matrix Derivative
   Title in Croatian:	Modulacija morfologije osteogenih stanica pomoću ECM liganada i derivata caklinskog matriksa
   Type of Article:	original scientific paper
   MeSH:	OSTEOBLASTS EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX ENAMEL MATRIX PROTEINS CYTOSKELETON PERIODONTAL DISEASES
   Abstract:	The precondition for successful periodontal regeneration is adequate activation of relevant cell populations like osteogenic cells. Here, cell adhesion and maturation are closely associated with cell morphology and f-actin cytoskeletal organisation. The potential of solitaire extracellular matrix (ECM) components as well as enamel matrix derivative (EMD) to enhance periodontal healing is well documented. Objective: The aim of the study was to test the impact of the ECM proteins collagen type 1 and laminin-1 as well as commercially available EMD on osteogenic cell morphology and cytoskeletal organisation. Material and methods: In an observational study, a total of 2450 osteogenic cells of 5 different cell lines (4 primary ones and 1 commercial one) cultivated on the respective substrates were analysed by 3 independent observers. After staining for the f-actin cytoskeleton and automated CLSM visualisation, cells were assigned to 3 different categories depending on morphological cell attributes (immature vs. intermediate vs. mature). Besides descriptive analysis, a multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify relevant influence parameters on cell morphology and cytoskeletal organisation. Results: The applied solitaire ligands collagen and laminin and especially EMD promoted a mature osteogenic phenotype. Nevertheless, considerable differences between the investigated cell lines could be identified as well. Analysis of cell morphology and cytoskeletal organisation offers a reliable method of acquiring the first hints of biocompatibility and bio-activation on different substrates. Conclusion: Our results highlight the potential of the investigated ligands to support periodontal regeneration by enhancing osteogenic cell attachment and maturation.

3. Ajanović M, Šuljak Lončarević A, Dautović Kazazić L, Bejtović B, Strujić S, Smajkić N. The Prevalence of Symptoms and Signs of Temporomandibular Dysfunctions in Patients with the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2009;43(3):202-14.
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   Title in English:	The Prevalence of Symptoms and Signs of Temporomandibular Dysfunctions in Patients with the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
   Title in Croatian:	Prevalencija simptoma i znakova temporomandibularnih poremećaja u bolesnika s posttraumatskim stresnim poremećajem
   Type of Article:	original scientific paper
   MeSH:	TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISORDERS POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER
   Abstract:	Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of temporomandibular dysfunctions (TMD) symptoms/ signs in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) group and non-PTSD matched control and to determine differences in values of Helkimo anamnestic dysfunction index (Ai) and Helkimo clinical dysfunction index (Di) between healthy and PTSD patients. Material and methods: The first group of subjects included 38 patients of both sexes aged 30 to 60 diagnosed with PTSD by their treating psychiatrists. The control group included 32 patients of both sexes, aged 30 to 60. All patients had their case histories taken in compliance with the Helkimo anamnestic dysfunction index and a corresponding clinical examination was performed in compliance with the Helkimo clinical dysfunction index. Results: Differences were established in relation to following symptoms of TMD: sound in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) area, fatigue in the jaw area, rigidity of the jaw and in signs of TMD: decreased movement of mandible, decreased TMJ function and muscle pain. Calculation of the chi-square test for values of the Helkimo anamnestic and Helkimo clinical dysfunction index presented statistically significant differences between the two groups. Conclussion: The results of the study confirmed that PTSD affects the appearance of symptoms and signs of TMD. Therefore, it is necessary to bear it in mind in the treatment of patients suffering from PTSD as well as in patients suffering from TMD.

4. Pechalova PF, Bakardjiev AG. Cysts of the Jaws: a Clinical Study of 621 Cases. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2009;43(3):215-24.
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   Title in English:	Cysts of the Jaws: a Clinical Study of 621 Cases
   Title in Croatian:	Ciste u čeljusti: kliničko ispitivanje 621 slučaja
   Type of Article:	original scientific paper
   MeSH:	JAW CYSTS ODONTOGENIC CYSTS RADICULAR CYSTS DENTIGEROUS CYSTS
   Abstract:	Objective: Cysts occur in the jaws more commonly than in any other bone due to the presence of developmental, odontogenic, residual, epithelial tissue. The present study aimed at providing a clinical and epidemiological analysis of patients with cystic lesions, treated at the Clinics of Maxillo-Facial Surgery, University Hospital, Plovdiv, Bulgaria. Material and Methods: Six hundred twenty one cysts of the jaws in 594 patients were examined. The odontogenic cysts were 97.1%±0.67%. The radicular cysts were the most common type of jaw cysts (435 cysts, 70.1%), dentigerous cysts (146 cysts, 23.5%) were the most common in the first and the second decades. The residual cysts were 112 (18%). The average age of patients with jaw cysts was 35,30±0,73 years. Results: Jaw cysts were more frequent in the maxilla in comparison with mandible (t=2.33; Р<0.05). The radicular cysts more frequently involved the alveolar bridge of the upper jaw (204 cysts of 435 radicular cysts, 46.9%). Conclusion: The dentigerous cysts developed more frequently in the lower jaw (106 cysts of 146 dentigerous cysts, 72.6%), especially in the mandible body (89 cysts, 61%).

5. Augello M, Kasprzyk S, Grätz KW, Mutzbauer TS. A Comparison of Intramuscular Versus Inhaled Epinephrine in Humans: A Pilot Study. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2009;43(3):225-33.
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   Title in English:	A Comparison of Intramuscular Versus Inhaled Epinephrine in Humans: A Pilot Study
   Title in Croatian:	Usporedba intramuskularno primijenjenog i inhaliranog epinefrina: eksperimentalno istraživanje
   Type of Article:	original scientific paper
   MeSH:	ANAPHYLAXIS EPINEPHRINE
   Abstract:	Purpose: The intravenous or intramuscular administration of epinephrine is recommended treatment in systemic anaphylaxis. The goal was to evaluate epinephrine plasma levels after intramuscular injection into the buccinator muscle in comparison to inhaled epinephrine. Methods: In this pilot study in humans, we measured plasma epinephrine concentrations before and after epinephrine administration by intramuscular injection, or by inhalation, with intramuscular saline and intravenous epinephrine as the negative and positive controls, respectively. Results: Peak plasma epinephrine concentrations were higher after epinephrine was injected intramuscularly with a maximum plasma epinephrine concentration of 3367.2 pg/ml. After administration by inhalation epinephrine peak level was 151.89 pg/ml. Conclusions: In cases of respiratory distress when anaphylaxis is a possible cause, at first the application of epinephrine by inhalation may be of value. Manifest major cardiovascular reactions according to anaphylaxis without availability of a venous access can only be treated by titration of epinephrine intramuscularly. The buccinator muscle is a useful site for dentists involved on treatment of anaphylaxis.

6. Živko-Babić J, Jakovac M, Carek A, Lovrić Ž. Implantoprosthetic Therapy of a Missing Front Tooth. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2009;43(3):234-41.
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   Title in English:	Implantoprosthetic Therapy of a Missing Front Tooth
   Title in Croatian:	Implantantno-protetička terapija manjka prednjeg zuba
   Type of Article:	professional paper
   MeSH:	DENTAL IMPLANTATION, ENDOSSEOUS DENTAL IMPLANTS, SINGLE-TOOTH JAW, EDENTULOUS, PARTIALLY
   Abstract:	In the recent decade, implant-prosthetic therapy in partially edentulous patients is more and more suggested therapy. Implant placement in front region is very demanding and technically sensitive. Growing patients’ demands for natural look of prosthetic appliances in visible region of oral cavity forces clinicians for education, knowledge and capabilities. The aim of the study is clinical evaluation of prosthetic-implant therapy in patients with missing front tooth at the Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dental Medicine Zagreb. Total of 23 patients had implant therapy during the last decade. The reasons for tooth loss were: caries and fracture of endodontic treated tooth, trauma, anodontia and periodontal disease. Upper medial incisor was replaced in most cases, than upper lateral incisor, upper canine and lower medial incisor. The implants are approximately 5 years in function. No implant failure was reported. Functional durability and esthetic of prosthetic/implant therapy depends on biomechanical factors and lack of infection. Cooperation of patients in this study for regular check-ups was minimal but nevertheless success of therapy was satisfactory.

7. Manjunatha BS, Bapure SK. Taurodontism Affecting all Molars: Report of an Unusual Case. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2009;43(3):242-7.
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   Title in English:	Taurodontism Affecting all Molars: Report of an Unusual Case
   Title in Croatian:	Taurodontizam svih kutnjaka: prikaz neobičnog slučaja
   Type of Article:	professional paper
   MeSH:	TOOTH ABNORMALITIES RADIOGRAPHY, PANORAMIC TOOTH CERVIX
   Abstract:	Taurodontism is a morphologic variation in which the body of the ooth is enlarged and the roots are reduced in size. Taurodont teeth have large pulp chambers and apically positioned furcation area along with absence of cervical constriction at the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ). This mainly affects permanent dentition and the involved teeth are posteriors, mostly molars. One or several teeth in the same quadrant are affected. Clinically, taurodonts appear as normal teeth and are detected by routine radiographic examination during dental treatments. Interestingly, in the current case report all molars of both arches were hypertaurodonts which is a very rare finding. Hence this case is presented with the various surgical and endodontic treatment options.

8. Džemidžić V, Filipović M, Tiro A, Nakaš E, Šalaga S. Multiple Supernumerary Teeth not Associated with Complex Syndromes: a Case Report. Acta Stomatol Croat. 2009;43(3):248-55.
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   Title in English:	Multiple Supernumerary Teeth not Associated with Complex Syndromes: a Case Report
   Title in Croatian:	Višestruki nalaz prekobrojnih zuba nevezan za složene sindrome: prikaz slučaja
   Type of Article:	professional paper
   MeSH:	TOOTH, SUPERNUMERARY
   Abstract:	Occurrence of the supernumerary teeth is a very rare phenomenon and it is usually associated with conditions as cleft lip and palate or some syndromes like Gardner’s syndrome, Cleidocranial dysplasia. In the literature reviewing some isolated cases of the multiple supernumerary teeth were described. This report presents a case of the isolated occurrence of multiple supernumerary teeth located in both jaws, in a female patient and her brother. Clinical manifestations, changes and effects which were caused by the supernumerary teeth, and eventually the treatment plan, were discussed and compared to the similar findings of the other authors.